翻訳と辞書 Words near each other ・ Fall Leaf, Kansas ・ Fall line ・ Fall line (skiing) ・ Fall Line Freeway ・ Fall Line Studios ・ Fall Martin ・ Fall Mountain Regional High School ・ Fall National Open Pairs ・ Fall of a Kingdom ・ Fall of Agadir ・ Fall of Antioch ・ Fall of Antwerp ・ Fall of Arsuf ・ Fall of Ashdod ・ Fall of Assur ・ Fall of Babylon ・ Fall of Baghdad (1917) ・ Fall of Because ・ Fall of Berlin ・ Fall of Berlin – 1945 ・ Fall of Caesarea ・ Fall of Calicut (1526) ・ Fall of communism in Albania ・ Fall of Constantinople ・ Fall of Cthulhu ・ Fall of Eagles ・ Fall of Edo ・ Fall of Efrafa ・ Fall of Enugu ・ Fall of Envy Dictionary Lists mini英和辞書 mini和英辞書 Webster 1913 Latin-English FOLDOC Wikipedia English ウィキペディア

翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Fall of Babylon ： ウィキペディア英語版 Fall of Babylon The Fall of Babylon is a historical term often used to denote the end of the Neo-Babylonian Empire after it was conquered by the Achaemenid Empire in 539 BCE. Nabonidus (Nabû-na'id, 556–539 BCE), son of the Assyrian priestess Adda-Guppi,〔Oates, 1986, p.132〕 came to the throne as king of Babylon in 556 BCE, after overthrowing the young king Labashi-Marduk. For long periods he entrusted rule to his son, prince and coregent Belshazzar, who was a capable soldier, but a poor politician. All of this left him somewhat unpopular with many of his subjects, particularly the priesthood and the military class.〔John Haywood, ''The Penguin Historical Atlas of Ancient Civilizations'', Penguin Books Ltd. London, 2005, p.49〕 To the east, the Achaemenid Empire had been growing in strength. In 539 BCE, Cyrus the Great invaded Babylonia, turning it into a colony of Achaemenid Persia. Cyrus then claimed to be the legitimate successor of the ancient Babylonian kings. As it turns out, Cyrus was very popular in Babylon itself, in contrast to Nabonidus.〔Georges Roux, ''Ancient Iraq'', 3rd ed., Penguin Books, London, 1991, p.381-382〕〔Oates, 1986, p.134-135〕 ==Conditions== A number of factors arose which would ultimately lead to the fall of Babylon. The population of Babylonia became restive and increasingly disaffected under Nabonidus. The Marduk priesthood hated Nabonidus because of his suppression of Marduk's cult and his elevation of the cult of the moon-god Sin.〔A.T. Olmstead, ''History of the Persian Empire'', Univ. of Chicago Press, 1948, p.38〕〔Oates, 1986, p.133〕 He excited a strong feeling against himself by attempting to centralize the religion of Babylonia in the temple of Marduk at Babylon, and while he had thus alienated the local priesthoods. The military party also despised him on account of his antiquarian tastes. He seemed to have left the defense of his kingdom to Belshazzar (a capable soldier but poor diplomat who alienated the political elite), while occupying himself with the more congenial work, like excavating foundation records of the temples and determining the dates of their builders. He also spent time outside Babylonia, rebuilding temples in the Assyrian city of Harran, and also among his Arab subjects in the deserts to the south of Mesopotamia. Nabonidus and Belshazzar's Assyrian heritage is also likely to have added to this resentment. In addition, Mesopotamian military might had usually been concentrated in the martial state of Assyria. Babylonia had always been more vulnerable to conquest and invasion than its northern neighbour, and without the might of Assyria to keep foreign powers in check, Babylonia was ultimately exposed. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Fall of Babylon」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.